This happened to me when i upgraded to Office 2016 from Office 2010. It didnt have a problem for the first three days and then all of a sudden on the fourth day upon startup things went amiss. Hope it works for you.
When Outlook 2016 opens it starts its process however hangs indefintely on this screen.
I tried opening Outlook in safe mode Otlook /safe (note the space between Outllook and the /) No good, it reported that it was corrupt and needed repair. Even though i clicked , nothing seemed to happen, no matter how many times i tried. Then i tried reinstalling office, repairing office , Disk checks, but no sucess. The following worked, after some frustration and wasted hours.
Go to control panel / Mail and open data files
Create a new data file and rename the old file. Open Outlook. There will be no data in the new file however from here you may select Option/ Add Ins and remove some of the obscure ones that you suspect or disable them as needed. Start with anything that is not from Office 2016.
At this stage you can open and run Outlook.
Close the program and go back to the control panel , open mail, Data files and rename the old data file back to original.
From here you can open outlook again and see the old file within the explorer section of the left,
Go to File , Email settings and then data files , select the old data file as the default.
If you can open Outlook once again, right clcik on the empty personal folder on the left explorer windo and delete / remove the folder.
With any luck youre up and running once again.